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Chemical Compositions of Achillea sivasica: Different Plant Part Volatiles, Enantiomers and Fatty Acids

Gülmira Özek, Mehmet Tekin, Yeşim Haliloğlu,Kemal Hüsnü Can Başer and Temel Özek

Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir, Türkiye

Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Trakya University, 22030 Edirne, Türkiye

Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Lefkoşa (Nicosia) Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Medicinal Plant, Drug and Scientific Research Center (AUBIBAM), Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Türkiye

Abstract:In the present work, Microsteam distillation - Solid phase microextraction (MSD-SPME) and hydrodistillation (HD) techniques were applied to obtain volatiles from Achillea sivasica, an endemic species from Turkey. GC-FID and GC/MS analysis revealed that 1,8-cineole (22.1%) and a -pinene (9.3%) were the main constituents of the hydrodistilled flower volatiles. (Z)- b -Farnesene (23.9%), decanoic acid (10.1%), b- eudesmol (8.0%), tricosane (7.3%) and hexadecanoic acid (7.2%) were the main volatiles obtained from flowers by MSD-SPME. The leaf volatiles obtained by HD contained camphor (9.0%), b -pinene (6.9%), 1,8-cineole (6.7%), a -pinene (6.7%) and a -bisabolol (6.6%) as the main constituents while the leaf volatiles obtained by MSD-SPME technique were rich in (E)-geranyl acetone (10.5%), (E)- b -ionone (10.3%), camphor (10.2%), 1,8-cineole (9.6%), longiverbenone (7.9%), b -eudesmol (7.5%), isopropyl myristate (6.7%) and epi- a -bisabolol (6.4%). The root volatiles were rich in longiverbenone (14.1%), (E)-geranyl acetone (9.3%), nonanol (12.1%) and decanol (12.5%). The enantiomeric distribution of the major volatile constituents was analyzed by using different b -cyclodextrin chiral columns. (1R)-(+)- a -Pinene, (1S)-(-)- b -pinene, (4R)-(+)-limonene, (1R,3S,5R)-(-)-trans-pinocarveol, (1S,2R,4S)-(-)-borneol, (2S)-(-)- a -bisabolol were detected as dominant enantiomers. The lipids extracted from the flower and leaf with Folch method and methylated with BF 3 reagent contained common acids: linolenic, linoleic, hexadecanoic acids. Oleic and stearic acids were detected particularly in high amount in the flower lipids

Keywords: Achillea sivasica ; volatiles; enantiomer; fatty acids; MSD-SPME; GC/MS. © 2017 ACG Publications. All rights reserved.