Records of Natural Products

A novel polyketide, named Asperpropanol E, was found from the secondary metabolites of the endophytic fungus Aspergillus puniceus which was isolated from Eupatorium chinense L. In addition to this new compound, six known compounds were also identified. The structures of all compounds were elucidated through comprehensive chemical analysis utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) spectroscopic techniques. All isolated compounds were evaluated for biological activity by the MTT assay,  compound 1  exhibited moderate inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), the IC50 (μg/mL) values of 31.63 ± 0.42 and 36.82 ± 0.54, respectively. Compound 3 demonstrated significant inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase (IC50 =12.3±0.56 μg/mL). Notably, compound 6 displayed potent dual inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and PTP1B with the IC50 (μg/mL) values of 26.72 ± 0.63 and 12.68 ± 0.87, respectively. However, none of the tested compounds showed significant inhibitory effects on HGC-27 gastric cancer cells and HepG2 liver cancer cells.

Abstract: A new compound, ingenol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) was isolated from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. (Euphorbiaceae), together with four known compounds (2−5). The structure of compound 1 was characterized by a combination of spectroscopic techniques and X-ray crystallography. Moreover, biological evaluation revealed that compound 1 exhibited potent inhibitory effect on NO production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, with IC50 value of 25.24 ±3.48 μM.

To discover new secondary metabolites and reveal the anti-inflammation effective ingredients of Heracleum rapula, a phytochemical investigation was performed, leading to one new enynic ester, heracleumate (1), and four polyacetylene diols, 9-epoxyfalcarindiol (2), 3(R), 8(S)-falcarindiol (3), oplopantriol B (4), and 18-Oacetyloplopantriol B (5) were isolated and identified. Their structures were established by spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1, 2, 4, and 5 exhibited NO inhibition activities with IC50 values of 48.1 ± 1.9, 95.8 ± 6.2, 18.9 ± 2.0, and 88.7 ± 7.1 μM in RAW 264.7 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide. Among them, oplopantriol B (4) exhibited the best NO inhibition activity. Additionally, compounds 1, 2, and 4 can significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory cytokines, including COX-1, IL-6, iNOS, and TNF-α.

Fusarinene A (1), a previously undescribed trichothecene sesquiterpene, and three known compounds, 4β-hydroxytrichotheca-9,12-diene (2), trichodermol (3), and trichodermin (4), were isolated from the extract of Fusarium sp. XPW68. Their structures and relative configurations were identified by detailed analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) data. In the cytotoxic assay, compounds 1-4 exhibited selective or potent inhibition against five human osteosarcoma cell lines including 143B, MG-63, SaOS-2, SW1353, and U2OS, with IC50 values ranging from 0.8 to 48.2 μM.