Records of Natural Products

 A previously uncharacterized 3,4-seco-labdane diterpenoid, which is designated Callinudin A (1), along with two known diterpenoids of the same type (2, 3), was isolated from Callicarpa nudiflora leaves. Multiple spectroscopic techniques and literature comparisons were used to elucidate the structures of these compounds. Furthermore, these compounds were tested in vitro to assess their effects on the NLRP3 inflammasome in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced THP-1 macrophages. Analysis revealed that these compounds exhibit inhibitory effects on the NLRP3 inflammasome.

A new 3,4-seco dammarane triterpenoid glycoside, cyclocarioside Z15 (1), along with three known compounds cypaliuruside B (2), 2α,3α,23-trihydroxyurs-12,20(30)-dien-28-oic acid (3) and asiatic acid (4) were isolated from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. The chemical structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and acid hydrolysis. All compounds were measured for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and only compound 1 exhibited weak activity with an IC50 value of 77.98 μM.

Polyphenols are abundantly available through diet and show great promise with their safe use against cancer. In our previous studies, we have shown cytotoxic effects of more than 30 polyphenols in breast cancer. In this study, we have aimed to investigate the effects of various polyphenols upon MCF-7 breast cancer and MCF-10A normal epithelial cells. To this end, we have designed a polyphenolic mixture based on the most effective concentrations of seven compounds, which is a first according to literature in terms of polyphenolic combination studies. Cell proliferation experiments were executed utilizing WST-1 and apoptotic status by Annexin V-PI. After determining most effective concentrations, we operated whole genome microarray analysis. Based on microarray data, the best effective concentration for both cell lines is 75% of polyphenolic mixture. In MCF-7 cell line, this dosage induced in down regulation of cell cycle, cell division, DNA repair and some genes linked to breast cancer. In contrast, no remarkable effect was observed in MCF-10A cell line. The designed polyphenolic mixture was demonstrated to inhibit breast cell division in multiple pathways. Our findings on cell division in MCF-7 cell line were found similarly with the study based on polyphenol-rich propolis which inhibited cell division remarkably in SK-BR-3 cells. This mixture, which is shown to have highly effective anticarcinogenic effects, can be considered as a prototype of natural prescription design for our future research.

Cleome genus, belonging to the Cleomaceae family, includes about 180-199 species distributed in several countries and many of which are used extensively in ethnomedicine. In fact, many of these specimens are consumed in the form of infusions or salads to treat multiple physiological problems. In this study, the qualitative chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from Cleome ssp. was studied. Two species, two different accessions (CP1, and CP2) of C. pallida Kotschy, and one of C. fimbriata Vicary (CF), were collected in Oman and chemically investigated for the first time. The three essential oils, extracted by hydrodistillation, were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In total, 169 compounds were identified. Sesquiterpenoids were found to be the major chemical group of CP1 and CP2 samples (56.4-58.8%); CF, instead, consisted essentially of nitrogen derivatives (30.2%), with 1-isothiocyanato-3-methylbutane (20.7%) as the most abundant class’ compound. Furthermore, a new complete review of the chemical compositions’ literature, never studied, was carried out on all other Cleome species. spontaneous in the world, studied so far. Statistical studies such as Hierarchical cluster (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were employed used to highlightestablish chemo-similarities or dissimilarities, and to highpoint possible correlations between the chemical compositions of CP1, CP2, and CF, and the pharmacognosy and the reported Cleome ssp. essential oils.